A company is going to give some money either to support the arts or to protect the environment. Which do you think the company should choose? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

一个公司准备出资支持艺术或者保护环境？你认为公司该如何选择？

1 可持续发展的重要性

段落大意：可持续发展是发展战略的中心环节，支持可持续发展意味着支持环保和经济发展事业。

The definition of sustainable development as defined by national leaders in 92' at the Earth Summit in Rio is "development which meets the needs of the past without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs". Sustainable development is central to any idea of development and must be taking into account when defining the term development and its use. If development is seen as a current issue then future development will be threatened as natural resources such as wood, oil, natural gases and coal will perish at a faster rate. It may also mean that damage to the environment may occur thus destroying the natural habitat of the earth and its animals. Sustainable development must be strongly linked with development because if not it may make the gap between rich and poor countries wider as people might not be able to gain access to development within their nations.

2 可持续发展益处

段落大意：可持续发展为我们的后代也打下良好基础，我们应该大力支持可持续发展，支持环保事业。

Sustainable development is a major world issue in recent years. Its main idea is to meet the needs of present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, greening of cities is a very distinctive practice of this idea. Practical measures include planting tress along road side, increasing the greening area of the city like the number and area of urban parks and perhaps country parks too; setting law to restrict environmental degradation such as the release of air pollution by cars, factories, also the treatment of solid and liquid waste before discharge.

3 城市绿化的重要性

段落大意：城市绿化是用较少的钱达到好的城市绿色效果的表现。城市绿化降低空气污染，达到环保效果。 Having low cost for maintenance and replacing new things is one of the most obvious benefits of greening a city. Due to the increase in vegetation, the air pollutants such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide of the city decreases, the formation of acid rain decrease, destruction by acid rain to buildings and roads that made of concrete decreases.

4 艺术的重要性

段落大意：艺术能表现生活的各个方面。艺术能够鼓舞人心，凝聚社会，反映社会中的各种问题。

Art improves our lives by directly and indirectly lift the morale of individuals, creating unity and social solidarity. Art creates awareness of social issues. Art may express and reflect the religious, political, and economical aspects of cultures. Art is and can be whatever a culture says it is or whatever they want it to be. It involves all people, those who conceive the idea of the work, execute it, provide necessary equipment and materials, and people who make up the audience for the work. Art forms as diverse as architecture, body decoration, and clothing manufacture, and memorial sculptures reflect social status. Art echoes the natural world. It gives order to the world and intensity to human life. Art is a means of communion as well as communication. It provides pleasurable experiences along with cerebral wealth. Art also helps us to express our sentimental relations. It can beautify surprise, inspire, stimulate imagination, inform, tell stories, and record history. As someone once said, “Art is life.”

Some people think that governments should spend as much money as possible on developing or buying computer technology. Other people disagree and think that this money should be spent on more basic needs. Which one of these opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

有些人认为政府应当尽可能地花钱购买或发展计算机技术。有些人持反对意见认为这些钱应该用在基本需求上。 你赞同哪种观点？

1 计算机技术能够带来的方便

段落大意：计算机技术的引进能够节省职员的时间，使得他们做事更加有效率。

The companies saved money by making or purchasing a computerized system to reducing paper usage and employee overtime. Since employees did not have to spend their time doing paper work, they could do their jobs faster and more efficiently. This gives the employees more time to do other projects around the office.

One computerized system that saved employee’s time is automatic payroll. Instead of wasting time filling out paper time sheets, the employee could simply “click” in at the beginning and end of each shift. Some companies like this idea because it can possibly reduce the number of employees needed in the payroll section of their company. Many aspects of the computerized system might take away some duties from the human employee. This can save the company a lot of money, but is very bad for employee morale.

2 计算机带给领导者的好处

段落大意：计算机提供大量信息资源，可以供领导者享用。

Managers also benefits from the computerized system. Managers are able make decisions much faster because the information that they needed to make these decisions is right there and could easily be accessed. There is no need to search for documents or other files. The company can easily give access to certain parts of the computerized system to one group in the company and to others. In this way, information is kept private or public, depending on the company’s needs.

3 支持福利建设

段落大意：福利建设能够帮助到更多生活贫困的人，很多组织都在支持福利建设。

Welfare is a government program that provides money, medical care, food, housing, and other things that people need in order to survive. People who can receive help from these welfare programs are children, elders, disabled, and others who cannot support their families on their current income. Another name for welfare is public assistance. There are many organizations that supply this public assistance. Public assistance benefits help many people who live below the poverty line. An income level is established for these families, if your income were below this line, you would be eligible to receive this help.

4 支持公共交通建设

段落大意：支持公共交通建设，可以在长期利益上提高财政收入。

According to me the government should spend more money on the public transportation as it will increase the fiscal income. Although the government has to undertake the heavy investment program in developing and improving these means of transportations and so it doesn't seem more profitable in the short term, but in the long run it can be easily converted into an important source of income for the state.

Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

有些人认为政府应当尽可能地花钱探索宇宙（比如登月或其他星球）。 令有些人认为政府应该把钱用在我们基本的需求上。你赞同哪种观点？

1 探索宇宙被质疑

段落大意：宇宙探索从苏美冷战开始急速发展，但是还有数以万计的人生活在贫困线以下，因此这种活动便受到很大质疑。

Space exploration has advanced a lot through the last years. Especially in the Cold War, where the United States and the Soviet Union competed and invested a lot in this field. Since then, U.S.A. kept on with this project of sending ships into outer space and exploring through the endless universe looking hopefully that something would appear. Millions are spend in these projects, but are they really worth it? Millions of people are living in poverty, starving to death, and this imperialist country couldn’t care less for them, and is spending huge amount of its budget on sending some space ships to vague across the universe. As if this could make a difference, they only feel superior by being the only ones who once stuck a flag on the useless little moon we have near us.

2 宇宙探索和现实生活的冲突

段落大意：在话费巨大代价探索宇宙的同时，还有很多社会问题并没有被解决。

These countries should reconsider this. By doing this they make us think that there are no problems, so why not? - Lets expand to other planet. But, this imperialist mind they have is what making them take these decisions. They only want to be the best and if the rest is worst, even better. Maybe their country is fine, low rates of unemployment, people are happy and proud of being part of this developed power of the first world, but meanwhile, while they send space ships to Jupiter, there are other countries who can’t even have access to internet, and there are millions of people who can’t take home a piece of bread to feed their children.

3 饥荒蔓延

段落大意：饥荒是很多贫困线以下的人面临的重大问题，政府应该投入更多人力物力以解决这些问题。

Famine is a crisis where starvation from too little food results in the sharp increase of distress and death in one place. Developing countries whose food production is dependent on rain fed agriculture suffer greatly. Climate related problems such as low rainfall, drought as well as insects and vermin do have a devastating affect on crops and livelihood. To enable the prevention of famines, the causes must be addressed; whether famines will be eradicated from the modern world will take the determination of all people those who directly affected and those who are not. Amartya Sen takes the stand that famines are not the result of a country's inability to grow food but from poverty, meaning famine is a product of poverty.

4 失业率升高

段落大意：很多人面临着失业的困扰，政府应该对失业问题予以重视。

People who lose their jobs because a company is going out of business do not have a choice in the matter. They have not done anything wrong, but happen to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. There are several small things that a business should be responsible for doing in these cases. These things involve: sufficient amount of notice before the employee's job is going to be terminated, severance pay, health insurance, support in helping workers put together a resume, and time off for interviews.

Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways, or should governments spend more money on improving public transportation (buses, trains, subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.

政府是应该花更多的钱改善道路还是改善公共交通工具（比如公共汽车，火车，地铁）？为什么？

1 公共交通工具的重要作用

段落大意：公共交通影响人们生活的各个方面。

Transportation affects every aspect of our lives and daily routine, including where we live, work, play, shop, go to school, etc. It has a profound impact on residential patterns, industrial growth, and physical and social mobility. Roads, highways, freeways and mass transit systems do not spring up out of thin air. They are planned. Someone makes a conscious decision to locate freeways, bus stops, and train stations where they are built. Transportation is no less a civil rights and quality of life issue. Safety and accessibility are the most significant considerations in transportation planning. Zoning and other practices of exclusion result in limited mobility for poor people and those concentrated in central cities.

2 改善公共交通设施的重要性

段落大意：私家交通工具的大量发展造成严重的污染问题，因此改善公共交通设备尤为重要。

Over the past decades, automobile production and highway construction have multiplied, while urban mass transit systems have been dismantled or allowed to fall into disrepair. The final result has meant more pollution, traffic congestion, wasted energy, urban sprawl, residential segregation, and social disruption.

3 公共交通设施的享用并不公平

段落大意：并不是各个社区都能充分享用公共交通资源，因此应该改善公共交通设施，让大家都能平等的享用。

All communities have not received the same benefits from transportation advancements and investments. Some of the governmental policies in housing, land use, environment, and transportation may have even contributed to and exacerbated social inequities. Some communities accrue benefits from transportation development projects, while other communities bear a disproportionate burden and pay cost in diminished health.

Your school has received a gift of money. What do you think is the best way for your school to spend this money? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.

你的学校得到一笔钱，最好如何花掉这笔钱？

Your school has enough money to purchase either computers for students or books for the library. Which should your school choose to buy — computers or books? Use specific reasons and examples to support your recommendation.

你的学校有一笔钱足够为学生购买计算机或者为图书馆买书。 学校该买什么？

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should give the same amount of money to their students' sports activities as they give to their university libraries. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

对于学生体育运动和图书馆，大学是否应该给相同金额的资金？（图书馆作用）

1 计算机 网络对教育的帮助

段落大意：利用计算机和网络对教学很有帮助。

When we talk about technology in education the first and foremost advancement is the computer and internet. If a student has the Encyclopedia of Britannica or Microsoft’s Encarta Encyclopedia on his/her computer, he rarely finds himself in a library or even on the internet. But for those who don’t have these encyclopedias have the entire world of internet information at their finger-tips.

２ 网络对孩子们学习的益处

段落大意：网络为远程教育等科技活动提供了可能性。

Internet in its simplest form enables one to access emails; this too is a source of information especially for those who are in contact with their teachers and need constant aid. Those who have joined Distant Learning Education programs need internet and the snail-mail system. If the postage was unreliable or the money transfer system was unpredictable then distant learning programs wouldn’t be so famous and sought-after.

3图书馆的作用

段落大意：图书馆是为大家提供知识和信息的地方，应该予以支持。

Davenport Public Library's mission is to serve as a resource center for the community and provide free and equal access to information, materials, services and programs designed to meet the informational, learning, cultural and recreational needs of our citizens. Information is available in a variety of formats, including electronic databases and online services such as the Internet.

You have received a gift of money. The money is enough to buy either a piece of jewelry you like or tickets to a concert you want to attend. Which would you buy? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

你得到一笔钱足以买一件钻石或者买一张音乐会的门票。 你买什么？

1 音乐对孩子的教育作用

段落大意：音乐得多样性教育孩子生活的多样性。

Music is an important component for all people to posses in their lives. A child should be introduced to music at a very young age. The introduction of every type of music from classical all the way to modern rock is important. This gives a child the ability to form their own opinion to what they might like the best. Classical music can teach a child every aspect of music including harmony, themes, dynamics, poly-meters, and poly-rhythms. These are the components that are scarce in modern music today. The three major components of variation are melody, rhythm, and meter. Variation is an important key to teach a child so that they understand that there are many different ways to approach music and life.

2 音乐是人生活重心

段落大意：音乐是生活的重要部分，是情绪表达方式。

Music is central to my life. Without music, the world would be naked, cold and quiet. Music can set the rhythm for a long day of work, the mood for a date, a party or even your whole life. It can wrap you in a blanket when you are down. Music is a vehicle for expressing love, telling a story, or showing happiness. My love for music has grown throughout the past few years and continues to do so even today. Playing musical instruments such as the violin, viola, trumpet and French horn has deepened my appreciation for the sounds I hear when I listen to music. From personal experience playing in concerts and writing my own music I have captured the views of both sides of music's artistic prism: creation and presentation. Music is the universal language.

3 钻石恒久远 一颗永流传

段落大意：这句广告词被认为是成功广告语的典范。

“A Diamond is Forever” – is one of the most successful slogans of the twentieth century. The advertising slogan belongs to De Beers, the world’s most successful monopoly of trade. “A Diamond is Forever” has been the center of De Beers’ effort to establish the stone as the only appropriate gem to symbolize lifetime love and commitment. The slogan, along with the $180 million dollars spent yearly in advertising by De Beers, has been immensely successful as the company continues to remain the leader of its industry – a monopoly of the diamond trade.

4 钻石是身份地位财富的象征

段落大意：由于钻石的稀少，它成为人们身份地位和财富的象征。 The slogan “A Diamond is Forever” concentrates on a combination of emotion and status. The true genius of De Beers lies in having created a connection between human love and power with something that has no value at all. You can’t eat a diamond, you can’t drive it home, you can’t make clothes out of it, you can’t build houses out of it, yet people are willing to spend a lot of money on a diamond because they feel a connection that a diamond brings.

Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

当你赚得一笔钱时是立即花掉好还是存起来为将来用好？

1 存起来应对紧急状况

段落大意：人们都可能遇上紧急情况需要大笔资金，这个时候存的钱就很有帮助。

Foremost reason for saving the money for future use is when you need a lot of money to deal with some emergency cases that happen to you, you should not worry about the fund or borrow some money from everywhere at that time. Emergency could arrive at any moment. People might get unexpected illness at any moment. To work out this problem people may need a huge amount of money. Then the money saved would help out a lot.

2 存钱进行旅行和交纳学费

段落大意：旅行和学费都需要很大笔资金，存钱为其所用十分必要。

Travel means a lot of money. Transpacific airfare costs a lot even it was a special reduced fare. Besides, education tuition is growing faster than before. Universities should spend lots money on new technology and other facilities; therefore all the expenses will go to the shoulders of students. Saving money for these reasons is quite necessary and profound.

You have enough money to purchase either a house or a business. Which would you choose to buy? Give specific reasons to explain your choice.

1 购买企业 增加工作岗位 降低失业率

段落大意：失业是很严重的社会问题，会造成经济衰退，社会不稳定，贫穷等问题。

Unemployment has been a problem throughout the United States since the beginning of our economic structure. The problem of unemployment is one of the most serious long-term economic problem challenges in the past decades. Unemployment is an indication of an economical recession, or even worse. This implies that a sizable percentage of the labor force is not currently working. Unemployment is a major cost to the economy not just in the terms of lost production, but it also involves major, long-term social cost such as increased inequality, poverty, family problems, crime and social division.

2 失业对人的影响

段落大意：失业对于人们来说也是沉重的心理负担，会影响个人，甚至影响家庭情绪。

In today’s society being unemployed impacts greatly on almost every aspect of an individual’s life and things depending on their personal circumstances, it is likely to influence other family members’ lives too. Unemployment carries an array of emotions ranging from stress, fear, anxiety, and depression. Unemployment contributes to low self-esteem and to family instability, decreased family relations, and in some cases family violence.

3 扩大投资 自我发展

段落大意：投资公司实现公司的发展。

Internal growth (Often referred to as organic growth) refers to a situation where a business increases its size through investing in its existing product range, or by developing new products. This will normally be financed through the use of retained profits (from previous trading years), bank loans or, if the business is a PLC, through the issue of shares. This is a slower and safer method of expansion than external growth.